What is anemia?

Symptoms of anemia
The symptoms of anemia can be mild and almost unnoticeable as the condition develops. They can also vary from person to person, but some of the most common symptoms include:
- Fatigue
- General weakness
- Rapid or irregular heartbeat
- Headaches
- Dizziness
- Shortness of breath
- Pale skin
- Cold hands and feet
Long-term anemia may be accompanied by more serious symptoms such as mild depression, concentration problems, and loss of appetite.
How to Recognize Anemia – Diagnostic Procedures

It is important to understand the significance of iron in the blood. Iron is an essential mineral that plays a key role in the body. It is necessary for the production of hemoglobin, the protein found in red blood cells that allows oxygen to be transported to all the cells in the body. Without sufficient iron, the body cannot function properly. Iron deficiency can lead to decreased immunity, an increased risk of infections, reduced blood circulation, and impaired brain function. Iron is crucial for DNA synthesis, tissue growth and development, as well as energy production. If iron deficiency is confirmed, your doctor will likely recommend iron supplementation and a diet rich in this mineral to maintain normal levels.
Types of Anemia
There are many types of anemia (over 400 types). They all have different causes, and each is treated and managed in a specific way. All types of anemia are categorized into three main groups:
- Anemia caused by blood loss
- Anemia caused by reduced or faulty production of red blood cells
- Anemia caused by the destruction of red blood cells (erythrocytes)
Some types of anemia are mild and temporary, such as anemia often seen during pregnancy. However, some types of anemia may reflect serious health conditions and require a more serious approach, detailed investigations, and appropriate treatment.
Basic Panel of Tests for Diagnosing Anemia |
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CBC (Complete Blood Count) |
Fe (Serum Iron) |
Ferritin (Iron Storage) |
These tests are performed from a blood sample taken in the morning on an empty stomach (fasting). Results are obtained within a few hours and represent the basic parameters used as a starting point for diagnosing anemia.
If you have any symptoms of anemia or suspect an iron deficiency, consult your primary care physician to receive the appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Diagnosing anemia is important to ensure proper management and prevent further complications. A regular diet rich in iron, along with routine preventive check-ups, plays a key role in preventing anemic conditions.